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 The well-known meteorologist Edward Lorenz was engrossed in running a computational model for weather forecasting. Intent on restarting an interrupted simulation, he decided to utilize initial conditions from a prior printout, only to discover the ensuing simulation significantly deviating from the previous run.

The startling divergence was rooted in the subtle discrepancy of the printout values, rounded to a mere three decimal places, lacking the accuracy incorporated in the original calculations. Lorenz had anticipated that any deviations resulting from this loss in precision would be minor, however, they spiraled out of control. The errors escalated rapidly, doubling approximately every four days of simulated weather, and within the span of two simulated months, the weather scenario bore no resemblance to the initial conditions.

In this unexpected turn of events, Lorenz stumbled upon a phenomenon that would later be famously known as the butterfly effect.

This pivotal incident in the realm of chaos theory underscores the sensitivity of complex systems to minute changes in initial conditions. Its profound implications have rippled across diverse fields, from meteorology to finance to ecology, and beyond. The butterfly effect, originally identified in the world of weather simulations, serves as a profound reminder of the inherent unpredictability and complex interplay within natural systems.

This moment, forever ingrained in the annals of scientific exploration, marks a fundamental shift in understanding the dynamics of complex systems, echoing the consequences of minor alterations over time. It underscores the profound influence that seemingly insignificant changes can have, resulting in entirely different outcomes, forever altering our comprehension of the intricate interdependencies of the natural world.

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In the year 1961

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Newton's wonder in the face of vast knowledge

earth

Scientist Stephen Hawking ALLEGEDLY participated in an orgy with minors on Jeffrey Epstein's island, recently released documents reveal.

The question always remains: is it possible to separate the author from his work?

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Scientist Stephen Hawking, SUPPOSEDLY

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Great visual to understand trigonometric functions.

first held in 1911, were pivotal in the development of quantum mechanics. They were a series of conferences that brought together the most prominent physicists of the time, leading to many breakthroughs and collaborations in the field.

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The Solvay Conferences

was born in Woolsthorpe, Lincolnshire, England, Isaac Newton, physicist and mathematician, known for creating the law of universal gravitation.

 He is considered one of the most brilliant men in history.

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In 1643

Pluto was discovered by American astronomer Clyde Tombaugh in 1930, when it gained the title of the most distant planet in the Solar System.  In his honor, NASA added a small container containing Tombaugh's ashes to the roof of the New Horizons probe, which in 2015 approached Pluto.

 With the ashes was the inscription: "Here within are the remains of the American Clyde W. Tombaugh, discoverer of Pluto and the third zone of the solar system, son of Adelle and Muron, husband of Patricia, father of Annette and Alden, astronomer, teacher, jokester and friend: Clyde W. Tombaugh (1906-1997)."

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Did you know?

movies

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Guess the name of this brilliant film ✍️

science

Lagrange points are positions in space where the gravitational forces of two large masses, such as the Sun and the Earth, balance each other out. This means that a small object, such as a satellite, can orbit at these points with minimal fuel consumption. There are five Lagrange points, labeled L1 to L5, for any pair of orbiting bodies. L1, L2, and L3 are on the line connecting the centers of the two large masses, while L4 and L5 form the vertices of two equilateral triangles with the centers of the two large masses.

The Swiss mathematician Leonhard Euler identified the three collinear Lagrange points (L1, L2, L3) around 1750. This discovery preceded by about a decade the finding of the remaining two points by the Italian-born Joseph-Louis Lagrange.

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Lagrange points

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Mathematically perfect sleep. Fibonacci's cats!

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Men of Easy Company after capturing Hitler's Eagles Nest - 1945

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On Jan 2, 1894, Nikola Tesla patented Electric Generator.

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Einstein's (gravitational) field equation on a wall of Museum Boerhaave

the square root of 2 (approximately 1.41). It’s the very first irrational number ever discovered and has a fascinating history behind it. Interestingly, Babylonian mathematicians discovered Pythagoras’ famous theorem 1,000 years before Pythagoras himself did.

![IMG_20240102_104803.jpg](https://m.stacker.news/10409)

Pythagoras’ Constant:

For a time in the 19th century, astronomers believed in the existence of a planet named Vulcan, inside Mercury's orbit. This hypothesis was proposed to explain peculiarities in Mercury's orbit, which were later correctly attributed to the effects of general relativity as proposed by Einstein.


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For a time in the 19th century.

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geometry teacher should do this snowdecahedron with their students in winter

In 1939, Feynman wrote a letter to his parents where he included a “wordle like” Long Division Puzzle

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In 1939

A theoretical analysis suggests that certain rotating black holes might be sensitive probes of quantum gravity.

Quantum gravity refers to a group of theories—string theory, for example—that aims to reconcile the microscopic world of quantum physics with the macroscopic world of general relativity. Many experimental tests of quantum gravity have been proposed, but the relevant effects might be too tiny to detect. Now theoretical work by Grant Remmen at the University of California, Santa Barbara, and his colleagues shows that celestial objects called extremal Kerr black holes are highly sensitive to quantum gravity. Precise observations of these bodies could therefore reveal evidence of new physics.


A Kerr black hole is a rotating, electrically neutral black hole. It is said to be extremal if it has the highest possible angular momentum that is compatible with its mass. Extremal Kerr black holes have yet to be detected, but many theories predict their existence.

The researchers say that the next step is to hunt for extremal Kerr black holes and to try to detect these curvature singularities through their effect on infalling matter.

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New Physics Magnified in Spinning Black Holes

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James Sylvester on mathematics and reason ✍️

Major technical improvements to a quantum computer based on trapped ions could bring a large-scale version closer to reality.
 Scientists are exploring various platforms for future large-scale quantum computation. Among the leading contenders, those in which the quantum bits (qubits) are trapped ions stand out for their low-error operation. However, scaling up such platforms to the millions of qubits needed for utility-scale quantum computing is a daunting task. Now Steven Moses at Quantinuum in Colorado and colleagues describe an impressive new trapped-ion quantum computer, the Quantinuum System Model H2, in which they have been able to increase the number of qubits (from 20 to 32) without increasing the error rate. The researchers have put this system through its paces with full component-level testing, a suite of industry-standard benchmark tests, and a set of diverse applications.

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In a typical trapped-ion quantum computer, a linear chain of ions is confined by an electric potential using direct-current (dc) and radio-frequency (rf) fields. Whereas the ion-trap apparatus can be at any temperature, the ions themselves need to be laser cooled to near their ground state. Their motion can then be quantized, and the resulting motional modes can be used to entangle any pair of ions in the chain—a requirement for performing quantum operations. However, controlling individual ions in a long chain comes with its own technical difficulties, and it is unlikely that a million qubits—as needed to build a universal, fault-tolerant quantum computer—could be trapped in a single potential.

Scaling Up a Trapped-Ion Quantum Computer

The Competition Law, recently approved by the Chamber of Deputies, has raised concerns among citizens and health experts due to the increase in electromagnetic pollution limits across Italy.  This decision marked a victory for Minister Urso and the 5G lobby, but it also raised important questions about public health and safety.

What does the Competition Law provide?

 Article 10 of the Competition Law provides for an increase in the power limits of mobile phone antennas, from the current 6 V/m to 15 V/m, more than double.  This means that the power of electromagnetic waves in the air can increase up to 100 times compared to current levels.


Health concerns

 Increasing electrosmog limits have raised concerns among health experts, who have highlighted potential risks to human health.  Prolonged exposure to high EMFs has been linked to a variety of health problems, including headaches, insomnia, memory loss and even some types of cancer.


Impact on electrosensitive

 The increase in electrosmog could have a particularly negative impact on the lives of electrosensitive people, that is, people who experience symptoms such as malaise, muscle pain and fatigue in the presence of electromagnetic fields.  For these people, exposure to high levels of electrosmog can have serious consequences for their health and well-being.


What citizens can do

 After publication in the Official Gazette, there will be 120 days during which Mayors and Regions can express their opinion regarding the Competition Bill.  Afterwards, another 30 days will be needed to prepare Prime Minister Meloni's Decree.  Between April and May 2024, increasing electrosmog limits will become legal, allowing antennas to increase their power.

 It is important that citizens are informed and heard about this issue, contacting their local and national representatives to express their concerns and request a review of the provisions of the Competition Law.

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