A number of factors are thought to have resulted in the current situation. For example, Japan has seen the number of people with hunting licenses decline from over half a million in 1975 to around 220,000 in 2020. Moreover, 60% of holders are now over 60 years old. Meanwhile, city developers increasingly move nearer to bear habitats, closing the circle on their free roaming areas. It is also claimed that the police and similar agencies face constraints on lethal training to address wild animals.

https://www.tomshardware.com/tech-industry/japanese-city-deploys-anti-bear-drones-as-human-casualties-at-an-all-time-high-non-lethal-spray-can-be-delivered-at-1km-range-with-10cm-accuracy-radius