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This is just a cool thought experiment. In a real-life scenario where every country had to grow its own food, people would be starving everywhere—and it definitely wouldn't be because they're missing a food group.

I think that's a misreading of the chart and also why this chart is silly.

Countries like the US specialize because they exist in a world of widespread trade, not because they can't grow the foods that are imported.

Under autarky, farmers would face very different market incentives and would grow very different things.

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True. Agreed.

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