“There is nothing wrong with the Trezor. Trezor changed their setup about 1 year ago to allow you to get started quickly and they made it so they don't show you the words immediately. When you click on 'Backup' in the Trezor Suite it will show you the seed words and prompt you to write them down.

So, in retrospect, the right thing to do would have been to pause and after you made the first transfer and realized you didn't have the seed words. If you had come and asked here you would have been guided in how to make a backup of the seed words. You could have still made a backup of them.

The mistake was in wiping the Trezor. There was no need for that. You could have still gotten the seed words from it.

Of course, the most critical error was in then sending the bitcoin to the address of the wiped device. At this point nothing can be done since the seed words are gone forever.