To be fair, you don't "lose" them in the "they die off and have to grow back" sense... you lose a ton of sensitivity due to the air pressure decrease, but it recovers once the pressure returns when you land. Growing back would take days/weeks.

Arceris

You actually lose a large percentage of your taste buds while on an airplane. This might explain a lot about those less-than-stellar in-flight meals, or why you find yourself craving the saltiest foods while in the sky.