While a lot of you will no doubt know what a Lightning Node is (and likely even own one) we're sure a lot don't. So we thought we'd drop this small starter piece for everyone to enjoy 🙂

Note: This is focused on Lightning Nodes, we have other pieces on the Lightning Network as well as whether or not running a Lightning Node is Profitable and also How To Build A Sexy Looking Full Node (both Bitcoin and Lightning) that will last for years all for just $300.

A Lightning Node (also sometimes called a Lightning Network Node or a LN Node) is just a computer that runs special software that allows it to connect to the Lightning Network. It can send and receive Lightning payments as well as route other peoples through it.

For example, you could use one linked to your Lightning Wallet to purchase a coffee if the store accepted Lightning as a payment method.

To Pay For Personal Goods & Services: You can send and receive lightning transactions using your own funds from your own private device. While you can do this using other nodes that are custodial, it’s always better to use your own hardware and self-custody bitcoin.

To Increase Your Security & Privacy: As noted in our Advanced Bitcoin Security and Advanced Bitcoin Privacy guides, running your own full node gives you the best level of security and privacy. It’s your node, running the code you choose and no one can take that away from you, spy on you or feed you false information. This is the same when interacting with the Lightning network as it allows every transaction to be fully under your control with maximum privacy.

To Accept Customer Lighting Payments As A Business: You can accept both Bitcoin and Lightning payments from anyone, anywhere in the world at any time, instantly with full final settlement. You can receive payments for a business you run, accept donations like we do or do anything else that involves sending or receiving payments. You’re your own bank and payments processor now!

To Be An “Uncle Jim” Bank For Friends & Family: Using LNDHub you can setup your friends and family with their own Lighting Wallets that connects directly to your node. This gives them the best privacy and security without them having to run their own nodes and allows you to become a bank with “customers” that send and receive transactions through your bank.

To Route Other Payments & Earn Passive Income: For more robust and powerful nodes with reliable and fast internet connections you can configure it to route other lightning nodes payments and charge fees for this service. Lightning Node Profitability isn’t trivial though and our recommendation is that you should think hard about whether you’re willing to put in the many months of learning and experimentation required to (hopefully) turn a profit one day.

To Test, Learn Or Develop On The Lightning Network: Through setting up and managing the Lightning Node you will gain experience and understanding of both the Bitcoin and Lightning network. This could be used to help others, get a job in the industry, build a new feature or app for the lighting network or just expand your knowledge.

The Lightning Network is made up of thousands of privately owned nodes and wallets. Each node opens one or more Lightning Channels with other nodes allowing them to send and receive payments too each other near instantly.

To take part in the Lightning Network you must either connect to or run your own Lightning Network Node and open up a lightning channel with another node on the network. To setup a node you can either run a normal computer and install Lightning protocol software on it or use software packages like Umbrel that come with it already pre-configured.

Lightning channels are the connections between Lightning Network Nodes. They are linked back to the Bitcoin Network with transactions on the Bitcoin Blockchain which lock up a certain amount of bitcoin funds in a two-party, Multisignature Bitcoin Address.

While the details behind these channels can get quite technical, it enables the network to route individual payments from one node to another just like your data gets routed through the Internet.

Some liken it to opening a bar tab. You and the bar owner open a tab for, say, $100 and over the night there might be 10 transactions of $8 per beer. At the end of the night the tab is closed and you receive $20 back to make both parties even ($100 – $8 x 10 = $20).

Lightning payment channels also allow other users to securely route their payments through your node, which is called payment routing. As the operator of your node, you can chose to charge them transaction fees for this service.

Currently there’s three main companies that code and maintain various lightning network software stacks. Each of these are compatible with the Lightning protocol meaning that using one of them doesn’t lock you into their platform forever:

If you have any further queries or topics you'd like further information on drop them below and we'll do our best to answer them!