Right now it's mostly through a Lightning gateway that fedimints achieve speedy interoperability. Eventually I believe it would be possible to have non-lightning based gateways that holds ecash from multiple federations and settles them instantly without dealing with lightning at all.
I would expect lightning to the way forward af the default interoperability layer. Managing eCash from multiple federations in a gateway (which can be rugged and introduces extra complexity) scales poorly whereas lightning "just works". What would be the advantages of such a gateway?
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Lightning does not "just work"
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