You seem to be correct in regards to Kazhakstan. They did do a major crackdown. Likely all that hashrate went to China so it is plausible. It just seems hard to believe the entire rest of the world is only 5% though. We know nation states are mining. There are rumours of massive mining operations in the middle east where they are harnessing solar and building the mining farms underground and using immersion cooling. They were certainly working on that, whether it has come on line or not is debatable. Hash rate has been climbing while price has been flat so someone somewhere is mining with very cheap energy or really wants to accumulate Bitcoin quietly and isn't concerned if a mining operation is highly profitable or not.