Those are some pretty thought-provoking questions. In the end, it's probably not a matter of what opinion you defend, but more an assessment of how well you can defend said opinion.
Many of these questions seem to tackle ethical questions about the role science should or should not have in our future as a society and will probably help them build up a critical mind when reading essays about Effective Accelerationism (see #616803) or Effective altruism.
I agree with @SimpleStacker that years of life experience is required to have a reasonable opinion on any of these topics. And I want to add that, even then, we probably have the illusion of being reasonable as we are very much shaped by our up-bringing. It's for that reason that very much try to stay within the realm of provable facts than venture into the realm of ethics and philosophy, unless I've had a few beers and I am talking with friends.
Yeah I had exactly people like SBF and Greta Thunberg in mind with my comment. And in general the many young people these days who feel entitled to moral outrage when they don't get their policy preferences, or think the solutions are so clear cut that anyone who disagrees is morally deficient
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The moral outrage is annoying and morphs into a dangerous ideology where the end justifies anything
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I know a good question:
Is it immoral to charge interest to third world countries?
Is it immoral to lend money to third world and expect them to pay you back?
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I think most students will steer away from ethics and philosophy. There are other palatable topics to choose from, such as mass media and sports. One just has to pick the question he is most confident of excelling in to pen an essay.
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