Researchers have found that mindfulness meditation practitioners exhibit distinct patterns of brain activity compared to non-meditators, even during rest. Using advanced electroencephalography (EEG) techniques, the study published in Mindfulness found that meditators demonstrated differences in brain wave activity across theta, alpha, and gamma frequency bands. These differences, seen in both the strength and distribution of brain activity, suggest that long-term meditation practice leads to enduring changes in neural processes, potentially underpinning the cognitive and emotional benefits associated with mindfulness.