Japanese scientists have started human trials for a new drug, TRG-035, that aims to regrow missing teeth by blocking a protein that stops tooth development. After successful tests in animals, the current trial at Kyoto University involves 30 adults and focuses on safety. If successful, the drug could offer a natural alternative to implants and dentures and may be available by 2030. The next step will be testing the drug in children with congenital tooth agenesis, a condition where permanent teeth never develop.