After the most recent Coinbase and Wasabi debacles, I began to wonder if there could be a similar centralizing attack on cryptocurrencies.
To blacklist UXTOs is not necessarily a legitimate use-case for 'fraud prevention' as the colored coins could exchange hands in other ways and this could create legal trouble for any agency that engages in this sort of blacklisting. However a wallet whitelist is potentially a legitimate way to surveil and regulate crypto within an economy bounded by a sophisticated political tyrant.
As we all know from experience, blacklisting-as-a-service is a valid business model. There are federated blacklists for email servers (RBL), a credit agency cartel, do-not-fly lists and sex-crime felon lists maintained by the state. Not incompatible with the idea of the blacklist business model is a federated whitelist provider.
A potential way for the state to control bitcoin is to control the 'banking institutions' (e.g. Coinbase) by requiring them to maintain a whitelist of 'allowable spending addresses'. This means that if you buy bitcoin on a regulated exchange, that exchange could force you to 'stay in-network' by only allowing you to spend directly from their wallet to another registered wallet address. This means that your 'self-sovereign wallet' would not be able to accept crypto from a fiat-on/off-ramp nor spend it with a domestic merchant without first registering your wallet addresses with the whitelist provider. This way merchants (businesses) could only accept bitcoin into their books from wallets that are on the whitelist. Naturally the merchants would be closely monitored for compliance with this "anti-money-laundering whitelist" and they wouldn't be able to accept bitcoin until they register their wallets with the whitelist. Of course the fiat on/off ramps would only allow bitcoin to be transfered into wallets that also prevent spending to addresses that aren't on the whitelist.
This government/corporation controlled whitelist would be enforced for any entities within the regulatory boundaries, and this would effectively eliminate all privacy and freedom afforded by cryptocurrency. Any crypto that isn't considered 'clean' and enters the economy from 'outside the system' would have no way to enter circulation.
Question, are there mitigating technologies that would circumvent a government-enforced whitelist in:
- A technology that already exists that is part of Bitcoin?
- A technology that already exists in another crypto that would prevent this regulation (that can be incorporated into bitcoin)?
- A proposal for a technology that has not yet been implemented that could avoid this problem?
- Does L2/lightning already avoid this problem?
- Is there an enhancement to L2/lightning that could avoid this problem?
- Is this not a real problem?
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